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Technical Terms

lastmod 2026-08-13created 2014-11-0139 edits

Lists and explains technical terms.

(Sorted in English alphabetical order where possible.)

Another terms

List of Terms

A

Accessor
An accessor is usually called a getter (Getter) and returns the value of an instance variable.

B

Backquote or grave accent (`; grave accent)
One of the diacritical marks, used in French, Portuguese, etc.
Bitrate
The number of bits processed per specific unit of time (for example, per second).
Bottleneck.
A bottleneck is the place that causes the whole process being handled to suddenly slow down or stop.
Breadcrumb navigation (Breadcrumb; Breadcrumbs; Breadcrumb trail)
Site navigation path.
Byte padding
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_(cryptography)#Byte_padding
Byte padding can be applied to messages that can be encoded as an integral number of bytes.
A method of placing data fields at positions that are easy for the CPU to access, to improve performance. (This is why sizeof is cut into 4-byte units in C on a 32bit OS.) The empty space here is called padding bits (Padding bit).

C

Canonical
Norm, standard
Corporate Identity Program (CIP)
An abbreviation of Corporate Identity Program and a design term. Within visual design, it is also used as the category name for identity (Identity) design that encompasses BI (Brand Identity), GI (Group Identity/ Graphic Identity), etc.

D

Datagram
See also: UDP
Quoting the definition in the Internet's RFC 1594, a datagram is "a self-contained, independent entity of data carrying sufficient information to be routed from the source to the destination computer without reliance on earlier exchanges between this source and destination computer and the transporting network." The term has largely been replaced by the term packet. A datagram or packet is the unit of message that IP must handle and the Internet must carry.
Unlike most telephone conversations, a datagram or packet does not have a connection between two communication points for a fixed period, so it must be independent and entirely unrelated to earlier data exchanges (this kind of protocol is called "connectionless").
Declaration (declaration, proclamation) & Declare (to declare)
Declaration statement; declaration, proclamation. Related terms come up often when declaring prototypes, variables, etc.
Deprecated
Refers to something scheduled for removal.
Delimiter.
Delimiting character. Refers to a character used for separation.
Disaster Recovery
Disaster recovery
Dog Fooding, Eating your own dog food
Testing a product you developed by using it yourself
Draft
A manuscript or rough draft (not yet a finished version).
Drop Shadow
Adds a shadow to the contents of a Photoshop layer.

E

Enclosure char.
Refers to a character that plays the same role as quoting (Quoting).
Escape Sequence
Also called "backslash", it uses \. It is usually used to write characters that do not appear on the keyboard or control characters that are not printed on screen.
Estimate
A value that concretely estimates a parameter (para- meter).

F

Field terminator.
Refers to a character that signals the end of a field.
For example, the role played by the comma (,) in CSV.
File Seperator (FS)
Among information interchange codes, a code for information separation that marks the boundary of the unit of data called a file. Used in awk.
Forward declaration
In C++, a technique of including the header files you want to reference in the body (.cpp) rather than in your own header file (.h).

G

Glitch
Refers to a temporary error in a system. Think of how a TV screen sometimes gets garbled when reception fails.

H

HUD (Heads-Up Displays)
User Interfaces and HUDs
A HUD refers to gauges or information overlaid on the screen. HUDs are usually not interactive (this is the part that contrasts with UI). That is, the user cannot click HUD elements.

I

Idempotent (Korean: 멱등)
Naver blog - idempotent (idempotent element) in Web Development
In mathematics, a square matrix A is called an idempotent matrix when it satisfies AA=A. The term is also used when repeated execution, no matter how many times it happens, yields only the result of a single execution.
Immediatly operation.
A multithreaded design approach in which every operation is performed as an immediate Block-mode operation.

J

K

L

Latency
http://www.terms.co.kr/latency.htm
Delay (or wait) time. In networking, latency is a term similar to delay, expressing the time it takes to send a data packet from one point to another.
Line terminator.
Refers to a single line, as with a newline (like a single column (Column)).
Literal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literal_(computer_programming)
In computer science, a literal is a term representing a fixed value in source code.

M

Margin
Margin is the outer spacing.
Marquee
A large sign hung at a theater entrance, or a promotional display related to the film. Refers to the effect of moving text.
Mutator
A mutator is usually called a setter (Setter) and sets the value of an instance variable.
Mustache
Mainly used in template engines (Template engine), applied to text interpolation using double curly braces ({{ and }}).
Used in Web development environments such as vue.

N

No Sliver Bullet (There is no silver bullet)
There is no such thing as an all-purpose item that solves a problem in one shot.

O

Obsolete
In JAVA Annotation, means abolished; out of date and no longer valid.

P

Padding
Padding is the inner spacing.
Persistence (Persistent)
Objects stored in memory disappear after the computer shuts down, so their persistence is not guaranteed. To guarantee persistence, they must be saved to a file or a DB; this is called making them persistent.
Plain old data structure (Plain old data; POD; Passive data structure)
An Object with the same memory layout as a C structure or a Built-in Type.
Program counter (PC)
The program counter (Program counter, PC) is one of the registers inside a microprocessor (central processing unit). It holds the address of the next instruction to be executed, specifying the location of the machine code to run. For this reason it is also called the instruction pointer. In Intel's x86-family CPUs, it is called IP (Instruction Pointer).

Q

Quoting
See also: Bash:Quoting
The act of enclosing a string in quotes (', "). This is done to prevent special characters from being reinterpreted or expanded.

R

Reliable UDP.
http://elky.tistory.com/258
RUDP (Reliable UDP) means UDP with reliability.
Rubber Band
Rubber (Rubber) band (Band). In GUI, when doing Line Drawing, it shows "the dotted guide line from the first point to the cursor used to place the second point" after the first point is placed and before the second point is placed. It seems to be named that because the line stretches and shrinks like a rubber band whenever the mouse moves?

S

Scaffolding
Explained with the construction term, it means scaffolding, and it is mainly used when building the footing needed at the start of a project.
Scatter, Gather read
http://lesstif.tistory.com/entry/scatter-read-gather-write-readv-and-writev-Functions
When I/O must be done in units of multiple buffers, calling read/write many times incurs the overhead of entering kernel mode from user mode on every call, so vectored I/O such as readv/writev can be used to handle it in one go. Hence the venerable Stevens' book calls this kind of vectored I/O scatter read, gather write.
Separator
A separator (separator) is a symbol used to separate directories; Unix-like systems use / and Windows systems use \. For reference, in Java it can be used like java.io.File.pathSeparator();.
Session
In communications, it means an active connection between a user and a computer, or between two computers. In terms of program use, it refers to the time from starting an application until it is closed.

T

Thresholding
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thresholding_(image_processing)
Thresholding is the simplest method of image segmentation. From a grayscale image, thresholding can be used to create binary images.
Through-put.
In server programming, the number of events that can be processed per second.
Through Pipe-line.
A pipeline is a representation of the stages that an event passes through to be processed.
High availability
High availability.
Tilde, or wave mark (~)
Indicates negation or a range.

U

UDP Hole Punching
Because a home router also has the characteristics of a router, for the purpose of P2P communication, each side exchanges packets with the other in advance so that a Routing Table is built in each router.
Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
Resource identifier.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
File identifier.
User Interface (UI; screen design)
Designing the way users are made to use a product.
User Experience (UX; user experience)
Design of experience in the broad sense of making the user's experience better; the totality of what a user experiences and feels about something.

V

W

Wild Card
Computer Internet IT Terms Dictionary: arbitrary character symbol
An arbitrary character symbol (originally, a card in card games that can be used as anything). Usually * is used.

X

Y

Z

  • Dimension (Rank)
  • Index (Index)
  • Value (Element)

Latency vs Throughput

Rowkey-columnkey.png

Column and row are words I personally confuse a lot.

  • Vertical (Column); 행 (haeng; 行: read "haeng" meaning "to go", or "hang" meaning "generational rank")
  • Horizontal (Row); 열 (yeol; 列: read "ryeol (yeol)" meaning "to arrange")

In other words, the number of columns (vertical) is obtained by adding up the number of verticals (haeng).

Column_row.jpg

80columns×23rows(80열×23행; 80 yeol × 23 haeng)

See also

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