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Psycopg2

lastmod 2020-03-22created 2020-03-185 edits

Psycopg is the most popular PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming language. Its main features are the complete implementation of the Python DB API 2.0 specification and the thread safety (several threads can share the same connection). It was designed for heavily multi-threaded applications that create and destroy lots of cursors and make a large number of concurrent “INSERT”s or “UPDATE”s.

Psycopg 2 is mostly implemented in C as a libpq wrapper, resulting in being both efficient and secure. It features client-side and server-side cursors, asynchronous communication and notifications, “COPY TO/COPY FROM” support. Many Python types are supported out-of-the-box and adapted to matching PostgreSQL data types; adaptation can be extended and customized thanks to a flexible objects adaptation system.

Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly.

How to install

If the PostgreSQL client is installed, you can install it with the command below. 

$ pip install psycopg2

from source code: 

$ python setup.py build
$ sudo python setup.py install

If there is no PostgreSQL client, you can install it along with the binaries using the command below. Not recommended for production environments. 

$ pip install psycopg2-binary

with statement

Starting from version 2.5, psycopg2’s connections and cursors are context managers and can be used with the with statement: 

with psycopg2.connect(DSN) as conn:
    with conn.cursor() as curs:
        curs.execute(SQL)

See also

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