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Oracle Cloud

lastmod 2025-02-14created 2020-07-2430 edits

Oracle Cloud is a cloud computing service offered by Oracle Corporation providing servers, storage, network, applications and services through a global network of Oracle Corporation managed data centers. The company allows these services to be provisioned on demand over the Internet.

Oracle Cloud provides Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS), and Data as a Service (DaaS). These services are used to build, deploy, integrate, and extend applications in the cloud. This platform supports numerous open standards (SQL, HTML5, REST, etc.), open-source applications (Kubernetes, Hadoop, Kafka, etc.), and a variety of programming languages, databases, tools, and frameworks including Oracle-specific, Open Source, and third-party software and systems.

How to sign in

How to access the "Oracle Cloud" site.

When you go to the Oracle Cloud sign-in page, the following is shown.

Oracle_cloud_login_-_kr.png

Enter your ID (tenancy), then go to the "Oracle Cloud" site.

For reference, it is Identity domain: Default.

Oracle Cloud Free Tier

Develop, test, and deploy applications on Oracle Cloud for free. A single sign-up gives you access to two free services.

New Always Free

Services you can use with no time limit.

  • Two Oracle Autonomous Databases, along with powerful tools such as Oracle APEX (Application Express) and Oracle SQL Developer
  • Two Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Compute VMs / Block, Object, and Archive Storage / Load Balancer and data egress / Monitoring and Notifications

How to access the web console

Instances_Oracle_Cloud_Infrastructure.jpg

Free Tier

What "3,000 OCPU hours and 18,000 GB hours per month" means

  • 4 cpus x 31.25days x 24hours = 3000 OCPU hours.
  • 24GB ram x 31.25days x 24 hours = 18000 GB hours.

In the end, it means 4 cpu + 24 GB is free even if you use it every day, 365 days a year.

What "Outbound data transfer: 10 TB per month." means

  • 10TB = 10,000GB
  • 330GB / day
  • 13GB / hour

Things to do right after installing the Ubuntu image and logging in

A few instructions needed after logging in. For reference, the default login ID for the Ubuntu image is "ubuntu".

Change the passwords of the root and ubuntu users: 

sudo -s  ## 안하면 해당 사용자의 기존 비밀번호를 물어본다.
passwd ubuntu
passwd root

Change the user ID:

  • When you connect over SSH, it tells you not to log in as root.
  • Either log in as "root" from Cloud Shell (most recommended)
  • Or, therefore, create a new ID and log in with it
  • Or temporarily allow root login in the sshd settings (/etc/ssh/sshd_config) (PermitRootLogin yes) 
sudo -s
usermod -l yourid ubuntu
groupmod -n yourid ubuntu
usermod -d /home/yourid -m yourid

(If needed) Add swap memory:

  • For reference, VM.Standard.E2.1.Micro (the free AMD instance) has no swap configured initially, and only 1G of memory. So 2G of swap memory is recommended 
fallocate -l 2GB /swapfile
chmod 600 /swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
swapon -s
echo "/swapfile    none    swap    sw    0    0" >> /etc/fstab

Virtual cloud network

Caveats when configuring network security

When setting the source port / destination port, the source port must be set to "All" (leave the input field blank).

I set both to 443/443 and it wouldn't connect...

(Mine) Ingress rules

List of ingress rules

Stateless

Source

IP Protocol

Source Port Range

Destination Port Range

Type and Code

Allows

Description

No

0.0.0.0/0

TCP

All

22

TCP traffic for ports: 22 SSH Remote Login Protocol

No

0.0.0.0/0

ICMP

3, 4

ICMP traffic for: 3, 4 Destination Unreachable: Fragmentation Needed and Don't Fragment was Set

No

10.0.0.0/16

ICMP

3

ICMP traffic for: 3 Destination Unreachable

No

0.0.0.0/0

TCP

All

443

TCP traffic for ports: 443 HTTPS

No

0.0.0.0/0

UDP

All

4242

UDP traffic for ports: 4242

Nebula Lighthouse

iptables settings

See Osom.run#Iptables for details.

Troubleshooting

Oracle Cloud Ubuntu 22.04 Upgrade Issue

During sudo apt upgrade, the following was printed. 

Pending kernel upgrade
----------------------

Newer kernel available

The currently running kernel version is 5.15.0-1030-oracle which is not the expected kernel version 5.15.0-1033-oracle.

Restarting the system to load the new kernel will not be handled automatically, so you should consider rebooting.


Restarting services...
Daemons using outdated libraries
--------------------------------

  1. dbus.service          4. networkd-dispatcher.service  7. ssh.service             10. unattended-upgrades.service
  2. iscsid.service        5. polkit.service               8. systemd-logind.service  11. [email protected]
  3. ModemManager.service  6. rpcbind.service              9. udisks2.service         12. none of the above

(Enter the items or ranges you want to select, separated by spaces.)

Which services should be restarted?

Service restarts being deferred:
 systemctl restart ModemManager.service
 /etc/needrestart/restart.d/dbus.service
 systemctl restart iscsid.service
 systemctl restart networkd-dispatcher.service
 systemctl restart polkit.service
 systemctl restart rpcbind.service
 systemctl restart ssh.service
 systemctl restart systemd-logind.service
 systemctl restart udisks2.service
 systemctl restart unattended-upgrades.service
 systemctl restart [email protected]

No containers need to be restarted.

No user sessions are running outdated binaries.

No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.

I just rebooted for now.

Suddenly the instance became unreachable and stopped working!

Seems you can't even file a support request on the Free Tier... Looks like both the network and the instance were the problem... (exact cause unknown)

I just terminated all the related instances, detached the volumes, removed all the VNICs and VNETs, created a new instance from the detached volume, and then I could connect..

See also

Favorite site

author Zer0 sitemap