Electric arc furnace
lastmod 2025-02-04created 2023-02-1612 edits
An electric arc furnace (EAF) is a furnace that heats material by means of an electric arc.
Industrial arc furnaces range in size from small units of about one ton capacity (used in foundries for producing cast iron products) up to units of about 400 tons used for secondary steelmaking. Arc furnaces used by research laboratories and dentists may have a capacity of only a few dozen grams. Industrial electric arc furnace temperatures can reach 1,800°C (3,300°F), while laboratory units can exceed 3,000°C (5,400°F).
In an electric arc furnace, the charged material (the material that enters the furnace for heating, not to be confused with electric charge) is directly exposed to an electric arc, and the current from the furnace terminals passes through the charged material. Arc furnaces differ from induction furnaces, in which the charge is heated by eddy currents.
Electric arc furnace process
- Manufacturing Process < Steel Library < Business | DaehanSteel
- Steelmaking process > Manufacturing process > Products | Hwanyoung Steel 1
- Electric arc furnace process animation - YouTube (Iron Museum) 2
- Iron production methods and processes (blast furnace / electric arc furnace / FINEX)
An electric arc furnace is a furnace that generates heat with electricity to melt iron, and the melting process is called steelmaking.
Electric_furnace_-_Production_performance_as_of_2016.jpeg
Depending on the heating method, they are classified into resistance furnaces, arc furnaces, induction furnaces, and so on, and arc furnaces are mostly used for steelmaking. Compared with a blast furnace, it has a smaller capacity and uses steel scrap as raw material. It also requires relatively little investment (500 billion to 1 trillion won) and space, and its short process time allows a quick production response. Electric arc furnaces are widely used to make steel for special purposes, such as stainless steel and tool steel. And since it recycles steel scrap while using electricity, it is relatively environmentally friendly. Because it recycles steel scrap, there are always trace impurities caused by elements in the scrap that cannot be removed, so there are limits to making precision steel products.
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As a result, bar and section steel produced by the electric arc furnace method is relatively crude, and producing high-value-added steel grades is difficult. High electricity costs are also pointed out as a drawback of electric arc furnaces.
Companies in Korea
Korean companies that produce steel using electric arc furnaces:
- Hyundai Steel
- SeAH Besteel
- KISCO (Korea Iron & Steel)
- Daehan Steel
Rebar
- Hyundai Steel
- Dongkuk Steel
- Daehan Steel
- KISCO (Korea Iron & Steel)
- YK Steel
Bars/Sections
- Hyundai Steel
- Dongkuk Steel
- Hankuk Teuksu Hyeonggang (Korea Special Section Steel)
- Younghung Steel
Documentations
- Electric arc furnace Simulation User Manual - for reference
- http://hrd.kosa.or.kr/data/User_Manual_01.pdf
-
Electric_arc_furnace_Simulation_User_Manual.pdf
Steel Industry
| Basic | ||
| Iron production (Ironworks) | Smelting | Bloomery (produces sponge iron), Blast furnace (produces pig iron) (Cold blast, Hot blast, Anthracite iron), Direct reduced iron, Korean: 제선 (Iron making), Molten Iron |
| Secondary | Wrought iron (via Finery forge or Reverberatory Puddling Furnace), Cast iron (via Cupola furnace or Induction furnace) | |
| Steelmaking (Steel mill) | Primary (Pre-1850) | Pattern welding, Crucible steel (Damascus steel), Tatara furnace, Cementation process |
| Primary (Post-1850) | Bessemer process, Open hearth furnace, Electric arc furnace, Basic oxygen process | |
| Secondary | Electro-slag remelting, Vacuum arc remelting, Argon oxygen decarburization | |
| Heat treatment methods | Annealing | Low hydrogen, Short circuit |
| Hardening/Case-hardening | Ausforming, Boriding, Carbonitriding, Carburizing, Cryogenic, Ferritic nitrocarburizing, Induction, Nitriding, Precipitation, Quench polish quench | |
| Tempering | Austempering, Martempering | |
| Cryogenic treatment (Deburring, Deflashing, Hardening), Differential heat treatment, Decarburization, Forming gas, Post weld heat treatment, Quenching, Superplastic forming | ||
| E.T.C | ||