Cryptography
lastmod 2022-10-04created 2015-03-1218 edits
(For the Python cryptography library, see pyca/cryptography)
Cryptography (cryptology) is a discipline that deals with linguistic and mathematical methodologies for protecting information. Centered on mathematics, it is researched and developed jointly across many fields such as computing and communications. Early cryptography focused on message security and was used for military or diplomatic purposes, but today, in addition to message security, authentication, signatures, and the like are included within the scope of cryptography, making it an important field inseparable from everyday life. Using ATMs, computer passwords, e-commerce, and so on all have their reliability guaranteed by cryptography in the modern sense.
Modern cryptography includes cryptosystems, cryptanalysis, authentication, and digital signatures as its main areas.
Categories
Cryptographic hash function & Message authentication code
| Common functions | |
| Functions | FSB, SHA-3, ECOH, GOST, HAS-160, HAVAL, LM hash, MDC-2, MD2, MD4, MD6, N-Hash, RadioGatun, RIPEMD, Snefru, SWIFFT, Tiger, VSH, WHIRLPOOL, crypt (DES) |
| SHA-3 finalists | BLAKE, Grøstl, JH, Keccak, Skein |
| MAC algorithms | DAA, CBC-MAC, HMAC, OMAC/CMAC, PMAC, VMAC, UMAC, Poly1305-AES |
| Authenticated encryption modes | CCM, CWC, EAX, GCM, IAPM, OCB |
| Attacks | Collision attack, Preimage attack, Birthday attack, Brute force attack, Rainbow table, Distinguishing attack, Side-channel attack |
| Misc | Avalanche effect, Hash collision, Merkle?Damgard construction, Salt |
| Standardization | CRYPTREC, NESSIE, NIST hash function competition |
Favorite site
- Wikipedia (en) explanation of cryptography
- Arash Partow homepage 1 (research on cryptography, computational geometry, etc.)
References
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Www.partow.net.zip ↩