Cloudflare:R2

lastmod 2024-05-15created 2023-03-0412 edits

With R2, you can freely build the multi-cloud architecture you want using S3-compatible object storage.

Global object storage
Dynamic functionality provided through integration with Cloudflare Workers
Avoid vendor lock-in with Cloudflare's S3-compatible API

R2 pricing

R2 charges based on the total volume of data stored and two classes of operations on that data. There are no egress fees.

-	Forever free	Monthly rate
Storage	10GB/month	$0.015/1GB
Class A operations: mutate state	1,000,000/month	$4.50/million
Class B operations: read existing state	10,000,000/month	$0.36/million

Egress (data transfer to the Internet): Egress directly from R2, including through the Workers API, S3 API, and r2.dev domains, incurs no data transfer (egress) charges and is free.; If you connect other metered services to an R2 bucket, you may be charged according to those services.

Storage usage

Storage is billed using gigabyte-month (GB-month) as the billing metric. GB-month is calculated by recording the total bytes stored over the period of the month. (duration of the month)

For example:

Storing 1GB for 30 days is billed as 1 GB-month.
Storing 2GB for 15 days is billed as 1 GB-month.

The following formula seems to apply.

저장된 총 GB * (저장된 기간 / 30일)

Operation Categories

Pricing · Cloudflare R2 docs

These are the operations that affect billing.

Class A operations

Class A Operations include ListBuckets, PutBucket, ListObjects, PutObject, CopyObject, CompleteMultipartUpload, CreateMultipartUpload, ListMultipartUploads, UploadPart, UploadPartCopy and PutBucketEncryption.

Class B operations

Class B Operations include HeadBucket, HeadObject, GetObject, UsageSummary, GetBucketEncryption and GetBucketLocation.

Free operations

Free operations include DeleteObject, DeleteBucket and AbortMultipartUpload.

Creating a bucket and an API token

Cloudflare_r2_-_overview.png	In R2, you can create a bucket, and there is a "Manage R2 API Tokens" link:
Cloudflare_r2_-_create_bucket.png	When creating a bucket, choose "Automatic" (R2 automatically places the bucket in the closest available region based on the user's location) unless you have a special case.
Cloudflare_r2_-_create_api_token.png	Click the "Manage R2 API Tokens" link to create a token.
Cloudflare_r2_-_create_api_token_result.png	Creating a token outputs several values: Access Key ID, Secret Access Key, and Endpoint URL. Then just remember the bucket name and that bucket's region (Asia: apac).

boto3 example

boto3 · Cloudflare R2 docs

import boto3

s3 = boto3.client(
    service_name ="s3",
    endpoint_url = 'https://<accountid>.r2.cloudflarestorage.com',
    aws_access_key_id = '<access_key_id>',
    aws_secret_access_key = '<access_key_secret>',
    region_name="<location>", # Must be one of: wnam, enam, weur, eeur, apac, auto
)

# Get object information
object_information = s3.head_object(Bucket=<R2_BUCKET_NAME>, Key=<FILE_KEY_NAME>)

# Upload/Update single file
s3.upload_fileobj(io.BytesIO(file_content), <R2_BUCKET_NAME>, <FILE_KEY_NAME>)

# Delete object
s3.delete_object(Bucket=<R2_BUCKET_NAME>, Key=<FILE_KEY_NAME>)

aws-sdk-js-v3 example

aws-sdk-js-v3 · Cloudflare R2 docs

import {
  S3Client,
  ListBucketsCommand,
  ListObjectsV2Command,
  GetObjectCommand,
  PutObjectCommand
} from "@aws-sdk/client-s3";
import { getSignedUrl } from "@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner";

const S3 = new S3Client({
  region: "auto",
  endpoint: `https://${ACCOUNT_ID}.r2.cloudflarestorage.com`,
  credentials: {
    accessKeyId: ACCESS_KEY_ID,
    secretAccessKey: SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
  },
});

console.log(
  await S3.send(
    new ListBucketsCommand('')
  )
);
// {
//     '$metadata': {
//     httpStatusCode: 200,
//         requestId: undefined,
//         extendedRequestId: undefined,
//         cfId: undefined,
//         attempts: 1,
//         totalRetryDelay: 0
// },
//     Buckets: [
//     { Name: 'user-uploads', CreationDate: 2022-04-13T21:23:47.102Z },
//     { Name: 'my-bucket-name', CreationDate: 2022-05-07T02:46:49.218Z }
//     ],
//     Owner: {
//         DisplayName: '...',
//         ID: '...'
//     }
// }

console.log(
  await S3.send(
    new ListObjectsV2Command({ Bucket: 'my-bucket-name' })
  )
);
// {
//     '$metadata': {
//       httpStatusCode: 200,
//       requestId: undefined,
//       extendedRequestId: undefined,
//       cfId: undefined,
//       attempts: 1,
//       totalRetryDelay: 0
//     },
//     CommonPrefixes: undefined,
//     Contents: [
//       {
//         Key: 'cat.png',
//         LastModified: 2022-05-07T02:50:45.616Z,
//         ETag: '"c4da329b38467509049e615c11b0c48a"',
//         ChecksumAlgorithm: undefined,
//         Size: 751832,
//         StorageClass: 'STANDARD',
//         Owner: undefined
//       },
//       {
//         Key: 'todos.txt',
//         LastModified: 2022-05-07T21:37:17.150Z,
//         ETag: '"29d911f495d1ba7cb3a4d7d15e63236a"',
//         ChecksumAlgorithm: undefined,
//         Size: 279,
//         StorageClass: 'STANDARD',
//         Owner: undefined
//       }
//     ],
//     ContinuationToken: undefined,
//     Delimiter: undefined,
//     EncodingType: undefined,
//     IsTruncated: false,
//     KeyCount: 8,
//     MaxKeys: 1000,
//     Name: 'my-bucket-name',
//     NextContinuationToken: undefined,
//     Prefix: undefined,
//     StartAfter: undefined
//   }

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