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Certificate of Real Estate Register

lastmod 2025-06-30created 2020-11-1811 edits

Registration (登記) is the act of entering certain matters in an official public register (公簿) in order to give public notice (公示) of them to the general public, or that entry itself. The registration system protects the safety of transactions by entering the identification of real estate, the content of rights, and the facts and details of changes in real rights in the register, so that third parties entering into a transaction can clearly know the content of those rights.

A change in real rights concerning real estate takes effect through the parties' declaration of intent, but to assert it against a third party, it must be registered (e.g., registration of transfer of ownership) (Civil Act, Article 185). For example, if B buys land from A and, before B registers it, C buys the same land from A and completes the registration, B cannot claim ownership of the land against C (registration is a requirement for assertion against third parties). Therefore, to dispute that a registration is not true, the disputing party must prove its untruthfulness (不眞實).

The official name of the registration certificate (deunggibu deungbon) is "Certificate of All Registered Matters" (deunggisahang jeonbu jeungmyeongseo).

How to read a registration certificate

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A registration certificate is divided into three parts: the Title Section, Section A, and Section B.

  • The Title Section records the land and building, that is, the real estate's location, building name, area, and so on.
  • Section A records matters regarding ownership and the reasons ownership changed, such as sale, auction, seizure, provisional attachment, and provisional disposition.
  • Section B shows rights other than ownership, such as jeonse rights and mortgages.

Title Section

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First, the Title Section contains information about the property.

  1. Indication number: shows the order in which registered matters were entered.
  2. Receipt: the date the property's registration was received.
  3. Location lot number and building number: shows the address of the property.
  4. Building details: describes the building's structure; for a multi-story building, it records how many floors the building has, what the building is used for, and the area of each floor.
  5. Cause of registration and other matters: records the reason for the registration, and reflects any change to the location's lot number or other changes when they occur.
  6. Land category, area: if the certificate is for land rather than a building, the land category and area are shown instead of the building details. The land category is the land's use (dry field, paddy field, building site, etc.), and the area is the area of the land.

Section A

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Section A shows matters regarding ownership of the property, so you can check how ownership of the property has changed over time.

For a building, the person who first built it holds ownership, and you can check the history of to whom ownership was transferred afterward. The person recorded last is the current owner of the property.

  1. Rank number: shows the order of registrations.
  2. Purpose of registration: the purpose of the registration, showing preservation or transfer of ownership.
  3. Receipt: shows the date the registration was received.
  4. Cause of registration: indicates the cause of the change in ownership, such as whether it was a sale or an auction.
  5. Right holder and other matters: shows information such as the address and resident registration number of the person who acquired ownership through the change (the right holder), and the transaction price of the property.

In real estate transactions, there are cases of damage caused by fake listings, and one type is when the actual owner and the seller of the property are different people.

Therefore, in a real estate transaction, you must check that the contracting party matches the owner in Section A of the register. You should also look at records such as provisional attachment, provisional registration, and auction.

Section B

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Section B shows real estate rights other than ownership, such as mortgages, jeonse rights, superficies, and servitudes.

  1. Rank number: as in Section A, shows the order in which the rights were established; when several rights are established, the higher-ranked right takes priority.
  2. Purpose of registration: shows the purpose of the registration, such as establishing a jeonse right or establishing a mortgage.
  3. Receipt: shows the receipt date and receipt number of the registration.
  4. Cause of registration: shows the cause of the registration (establishment contract, termination, etc.) and the date the cause arose.
  5. Right holder and other matters: shows details about the holder of the right and other matters. If a revolving mortgage (geunjeodang) is established, information such as the maximum secured amount and who the debtor is appears.

If Section B of the registration certificate has no entries, it means the property has no collateral or claims against it. With a property that has a revolving mortgage, if the debtor cannot pay off the debt, the property may go to auction, so check the rights in Section B carefully, including cancelled entries.

Registration of preservation of ownership

Registration of preservation of ownership means registering the owner in the register for the first time for real estate that has not yet been registered.

That is, it is the first registration after a building is newly built, or the registration made when someone is listed as owner in the land ledger or similar but the property has not yet been registered.

It is a procedure for having ownership of the property officially recognized and for asserting the right against others.

See also

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