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ArchLinux:Setup

lastmod 2022-08-17created 2020-06-2656 edits

Notes on the initial setup of Arch Linux.

System administration

This section covers basic information about system administration.

zsh

Install zsh. 

$ sudo pacman -S zsh

ssh

Install OpenSSH. 

$ sudo pacman -S openssh

Package management

This section covers useful information related to package management.

Font configuration

Download Korean fonts: 

$ cd /usr/share/fonts/
$ wget http://appdown.naver.com/naver/font/NanumFont/setup/NanumFontSetup_TTF_ALL.zip
$ unzip NanumFont_TTF_ALL.zip -d NanumFont
$ fc-cache -r

See Linux:Font for details on font configuration.

IME setup

Use ibus. 

$ sudo pacman -S ibus-hangul

Do the basic configuration with ibus-setup. 

$ ibus-setup

Add the following to the .xinitrc file. 

export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus
export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
export QT_IM_MODULE=ibus
ibus-daemon -drx

Development environment 

$ sudo pacman -S base-devel
$ sudo pacman -S make autoconf automake pkg-config ccache gcc cmake git

Node.js 

$ sudo pacman -S nodejs npm
$ sudo npm -g install yarn

OpenJDK (Java) 

$ sudo pacman -S jdk-openjdk

Editor 

$ sudo pacman -S vim neovim

Graphical user interface (GUI)

This section provides basic information for users who want to use GUI applications on Arch Linux.

Display driver

For an AMD GPU, install xf86-video-amdgpu: 

$ sudo pacman -S xf86-video-amdgpu

Display server

Xorg is the most widely used open-source implementation of the X Window System. It is required to use GUI applications, and most users should install Xorg. Note that Wayland is a new display server protocol intended to replace Xorg. Weston is the reference implementation of Wayland. Here we install x.org. 

$ sudo pacman -S xorg-server

Install xterm, the basic terminal available in xorg, and dmenu for launching applications. 

$ sudo pacman -S xterm dmenu

Install a utility for configuration (xorg.conf). 

$ sudo pacman -S xorg-xrandr

Run the X server with startx.

Window manager

A desktop environment provides a complete and consistent GUI, but uses considerable system resources. Users who want to maximize performance or want a simple environment can install a window manager and then install only the additional parts they need. In addition, most desktop environments also allow you to replace the window manager. Window managers are divided into types such as Dynamic, stacking, and tiling, and these three types of window managers handle window arrangement in different ways.

If you use xmonad, install it as follows. 

$ sudo pacman -S xmonad xmonad-contrib

Use xmobar with it. 

$ sudo pacman -S xmobar

Additionally, use picom as a compositing window manager. 

$ sudo pacman -S picom

Display manager

If you want to start an X session with a display manager rather than starting X manually, see the Display manager page. If you do not want to use a display manager, the Start X at login page explains how to get display-manager-like functionality from a virtual terminal.

Desktop environment

Xorg provides the basic framework for implementing a GUI environment, but a few additional components are needed to use a complete GUI environment. Desktop environments such as GNOME, KDE, LXDE, and Xfce include a variety of X clients such as a window manager, panel, file manager, terminal emulator, text editor, and icons.

Launcher

Install albert 

$ sudo pacman -S albert

Sound

Configure alsa. Run the following command to install the firmware, utilities, and so on. 

$ sudo pacman -S alsa-lib alsa-firmware alsa-utils

Screenshot 

$ sudo pacman -S maim

VM

A virtual machine is needed. First, install docker. 

$ pacman -S docker

Web browser

Install firefox:

If English is not your preferred language, many other language packs are available. To see the list, run the following. 

$ pacman -Ss firefox-i18n

Needs verification: running the following lets you install the package you want. 

$ pacman -S firefox

Game engine

Install the mono version of godot from the AUR. 

$ git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/godot-mono-bin.git
$ cd godot-mono-bin/
$ makepkg -si

Chatting application

Install telegram. 

$ sudo pacman -S telegram-desktop

Wallpaper

Set the wallpaper. 

$ sudo pacman -S archlinux-wallpaper feh
$ feh --bg-scale /usr/share/backgrounds/archlinux/small.png

See also

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