ANSI/ISA-95
lastmod 2026-08-03created 2026-04-233 edits
ISA-95 (IEC 62264) is an international standard that standardizes data exchange between an enterprise's business planning systems (ERP) and manufacturing operations systems (MES, SCADA, PLC, etc.). Its goal is to improve the efficiency, flexibility, and quality of manufacturing processes through smooth communication between upper- and lower-level systems, and it is used as a core framework for implementing smart factories.
ISA-95 hierarchy model (based on the Purdue Reference Model)
- Level 4: Business planning and logistics (ERP): Management tasks such as production planning and order processing.
- Level 3: Manufacturing operations management (MOM/MES): Production execution, quality management, resource management.
- Level 2: Production control (SCADA/DCS): Process monitoring, supervisory control.
- Level 1: Sensors and actuators (PLC/controllers): Control of actual equipment.
- Level 0: Physical production process: The actual manufacturing floor.
Key features and benefits
- Heterogeneous system integration: Defines communication rules between equipment and software from different manufacturers.
- Data consistency: Real-time data from the production floor is accurately delivered to upper-level management systems.
- Structured models: Models process flows, equipment, resources, etc. and represents them in a standardized way.
- B2MML (Business To Manufacturing Markup Language): An XML-based practical implementation that supports information exchange between ERP and MES.
By defining the levels of factory automation, this standard enables smooth collaboration between IT (information technology) and OT (operational technology) teams, and is used across industries.